Colchester gears are hardened,but are not particularly hard.......the reason for this,I think ,is to avoid tooth breakage,and tooth chipping when gears are clashed.......glass hard gears .as for instance in a truck gear box,handle very high forces not present in a lathe with a 5hp motor....if a Colchester is noisy,its always worth checking if the gears are meshing across 100% of the face......this can sometimes be corrected by altering either the sliding forks ,or the detent notches that locate gear positions.