A true universal dividing head has a gear train that revolves the dividing plate and sector; change gear can be set up to the input of that gear train and connected to the table screw so that spirals can be cut, including spiral gears, cams, and tool flutes, etc., on parallel or tapered work pieces. Also the gear train can be connected by change gears to the back end of the spindle to divide many divisions that cannot be divided by plain indexing, such as prime numbers, 127 for metric transposing gears being a good example. Also as I said in the previous post, the worm is disengagable so that rapid indexing can be done when time is of the essence and extreme accuracy is not necessary; a pin slides out of the body of the dividing head, actuated by a lever and slides into holes of the rapid index plate that is located behind the chuck; the pin and holes are slightly tapered for tight fit. I think, 2,4,6, and 8 hole circles are provided (it's raining and cold, and I'm not going out to confirm).
A semi universal is mostly the same, but lacks to drive to the dividing plate/sector, so it cannot preform spiral milling or differential indexing.