Concur with Rata222 that it is likely the 5c collet adapter and it can be tapped out with a rod from behind.
You should double check on the actual installed motor as 5914 originally came with 2HP 3 phase.
The native spindle taper is often referred to as 4.5MT but this is not well standardized so you need to be cautious with replacement adapters. Grizzly sells a 4.5MT/3MT adapter but the outer taper is not the same and you will need to recut it to fit, a tricky operation. Although I have the (recut) adapter I find myself using a home-made center held in a chuck and touched up after mounting to ensure zero runout.
I also have the 5c adapter and quick release mechanism but I do not have any 5c collets and have not used it. I do have an ER32 collet chuck and collet set which I find quite useful for smaller work. This is mounted on an L00 backplate further machined to fit the chuck. I have done similar with an 8" 4J chuck and was lucky enough to find a decent native 3J L00 chuck. You will need to decide on your priorities here but may likely need to do something similar. The 3J that came with my lathe was junk.
EDIT:
There was some discussion on the "IO" group about parting out a couple of 59XX lathes, maybe you could get a tailstock from someone there. Be prepared for some fitting/alignment as I thought these were custom bored to a given lathe bed.
See:
groups.io