Make it far more simple, give home machinists the trig calculations that are often used in the machine shop business. There are a limited number of functions that are relevant and will be useful to most.
Depth of a 60 Deg. v-thread to the theoretical sharp V for instance, .866 of the lead, you can not achieve this because no tool has a sharp corner.
However the math looks like this.
Sine of 60 Degrees = .866 per unit always, regardless of the unit used.
A 3/8-16 thread has a .0625" lead
.0625" X .866" = .0541". This yields a minor diameter of .267" which is well below the published diameter of .312" for a hole to be tapped, threads are not sharp vee forms, they have either a flat or radius at the creast or root.
You have a smart phone I suspect, it may well have a calculator that has Trig functions included. The phone may call it a scientific calculator.
If you need to calculate a taper in degrees and arrive at a start and finish diameter in units over a known length of the same units.
The Tangent of the angle will provide the answer.
The tangent of 3 degrees is .0524 per unit. If lathe work it will be an angle of 6 degrees included.
If you want to produce a 3 degree taper over a distance of 1 unit the finished end will be .0524 units smaller per unit, this is way simple to figure out.