On first glance, it looked like a swage block used to form or swage a flange on a piece of tubing but looking closer, I noticed the grooves running down each side of the openings so I believe that it is a crimping tool used to form crimped fittings on hose. A slightly over sized piece of tubing would be slid over a hose connection and the tubing crimped with your tool, either in a vise or by hammer. The grooves would allow the displaced metal a place to go, resulting in a reduced diameter on the clamp and a secure fit.
Bob