If I don't really care about the finish, I use boiled linseed oil. It dries on and forms a film. I then oil this with cheap engine oil periodically. If it is a contact surface, I just use engine oil or way oil. Machines, like people, don't survive when not working. Regular maintenance and cleaning is better than any miracle rust preventative.
I suspect though that the problem is likely a galvanic or a REDOX reaction between your vice and some metal elsewhere. Have you made anything from aluminium that is sitting on or near the vice? If nothing else seems to rust then I suspect that humidity is not the problem and you should be investigating other metals touching the vice.
Paul.