I believe what Christian is referring to is called a Set-True chuck. Buck does make Set-True chucks as well as other manufacturers. I have a 6", 6 jaw Gator chuck with the Set-True feature. Which brings me to the point of your original question about what chuck to buy and where. I have purchased two used Rohm 4-jaw chucks on eBay and both were good chucks at good prices, but you are taking your chances buying used chucks sight-unseen. You can buy chucks manufactured specifically for your particular mounting system (1 1/2-8 in your case) or you can buy a universal chuck and put a back plate to adapt it to your mounting system. The advantage to the first is that it will have less protrusion from the spindle because there is no back plate and there is less possibility for run-out error (which really isn't that important with a 4-jaw chuck). As far as brand, it depends a lot on your budget. Buck, Pratt-Bernerd, Rohm, Bison, are all good chucks but are pretty pricey. My Fuereda/Gator chuck I find to be middle of the road for quality and price. I don't have experience with the less expensive chucks from some of the suppliers like Shars, CDCO, Grizzley, etc. so can't speak to their quality.
Ted