When using a torch fo hardening and tempering of small parts, the first heat for the hardening is fairly straightforward just heat directly in the flame ensure the flame is non oxidising and don't burn the surface, when the part is at the desirable shade of red, drop it in acontainer of oil. when coled polish the part up, at least enough of it to see the colour run.
For the tempering try to avoid direct contact of the flame onto the part. A good trick is to set the part, thickest part to contact the copper, on a small piece of copper plate secured by grips in a vice or somewhere stable. (Steel plate may be used but will be slower), Heating with the torch from under the copper plate, watch for the colour change as it climbs up the part, when at the desired colour dunk in cooled, not cold, 70 to 100c, oil.